Definitions
We have used the following definitions of social exclusion and health inequality to provide the context for promoting socially inclusive practice:
'Social exclusion is a complex and multi-dimensional process. It involves the lack or denial of resources, rights, goods and services, and the inability to participate in the normal relationships and activities, available to the majority of people in a society, whether in economic, social, cultural or political arenas. It affects both the quality of life of individuals and the equity and cohesion of society as a whole' (Levitas et al 2007, p.9).
and
'Health inequalities stem from inequalities in people's early life experience, their education and occupational status, exposure to lifestyle and the environmental risks and diseases to which their life courses predisposes them. People in disadvantaged groups and areas tend to experience the poorest health but health inequalities exist across the population as a whole' (Department of Health 2007, p.16).
References
The items in this reference list are available online. They were last accessed on 28 March 2011. One item is in PDF format: see how to access PDF files.
Levitas R et al (2007) The multi-dimensional analysis of social exclusion (PDF 1.74MB). London: Cabinet Office Social Exclusion Task Force.
Department of Health (2007) Tackling health inequalities: 2007 status report on the Programme of Action. London: The Department.