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Abemaciclib▼ for the treatment of hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2−) metastatic breast cancer
Many patients with metastatic breast cancer develop resistance to endocrine therapy. Therefore, treatments with novel molecular targets have been developed to overcome endocrine resistance in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2−) met...
Updated: 16 November 2023 -
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Protecting nurses against the risks of occupational exposure to systemic anticancer therapy agents
Many agents used for systemic anticancer therapy (SACT), which include chemotherapy drugs, monoclonal antibodies and other biological therapies, are known to be carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic. Occupational exposure to SACT agents carries a proven risk of short- and long-term adverse health ...
Updated: 16 November 2023 -
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Differentiating between dementia, delirium and depression in older people
Older people can find hospital stays challenging and distressing. When their presenting symptoms make it challenging for healthcare professionals to differentiate between dementia, delirium and depression, their experience may be increasingly distressing, and can result in delays in diagnosis and tr...
Updated: 1 November 2023 -
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Prevention and management of urinary catheter blockages in community settings
Self-management of long-term urinary catheters can be challenging for patients, and recurrent catheter blockages may cause concern among patients, carers and healthcare professionals. Catheter blockages are a significant challenge for nurses practising in community settings, because frequent and unp...
Updated: 1 November 2023 -
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Assessment and management of chronic pain
Chronic pain can have significant physical, psychological and social effects on a person’s life, as well as on their families and friends. However, it is often not well-recognised or understood, which can lead to further harm. Therefore, an individualised, person-centred approach to chronic pain is ...
Updated: 1 November 2023 -
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Nursing management of paediatric asthma in emergency departments
Childhood asthma is a complex disease which may be resistant to treatment and varies in its clinical presentation. The number of children admitted to emergency departments (EDs) with acute exacerbation of asthma is high and many are managed solely in the department. The correct assessment of the sev...
Updated: 18 January 2023 -
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Ensuring effective intercultural communication in the emergency department
Globalisation and migration trends are reflected in emergency departments (EDs), which increasingly care for patients and employ staff from diverse cultural and/or ethnic backgrounds. EDs are busy, pressured and unpredictable environments where effective communication with patients and families is c...
Updated: 18 January 2023 -
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Exploring the therapeutic relationship in nursing theory and practice
The therapeutic relationship is widely regarded as central to nursing practice, yet the concept is so familiar that it is easily taken for granted. However, like any relationship, a therapeutic relationship cannot be assumed, and to be therapeutic it requires investment from both nurse and service u...
Updated: 23 May 2024 -
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Improving the physical health of people with a mental illness: holistic nursing assessments
People with a mental illness are more susceptible to physical ill health than the general population, which leads to significantly higher mortality rates among this group. Reasons for this include lifestyle factors such as smoking, lack of exercise and poor diet. Inadequate knowledge and skills abou...
Updated: 13 November 2023 -
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Biological basis of child health 14: understanding the immune system, vaccines, allergy and disease
This article, the 14th in a series on the biological basis of child health, focuses on the immune system. It provides an overview of pathogens to which the human body is susceptible, some of the milestones in the embryological development of the immune system, and some of the mechanisms of innate an...
Updated: 22 November 2023
